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<title>WebScaleSQL</title>

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</style><table class="infobox vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary">WebScaleSQL</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Programmer" title="Programmer">Developer(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a>, <a href="Google" title="Google">Google</a>, <a href="LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn">LinkedIn</a>, <a href="Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a> and <a href="Alibaba_Group" title="Alibaba Group">Alibaba Group</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Repository_(version_control)" title="Repository (version control)">Repository</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">

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</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/webscalesql/webscalesql-5.6">github<wbr>.com<wbr>/webscalesql<wbr>/webscalesql-5<wbr>.6</a></span> </li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Written in</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="C_(programming_language)" title="C (programming language)">C</a>, <a href="C%2B%2B" title="C++">C++</a>, <a href="Perl" title="Perl">Perl</a> and <a href="Bash_(Unix_shell)" title="Bash (Unix shell)">Bash</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Operating_system" title="Operating system">Operating system</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Computing_platform" title="Computing platform">Platform</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="X86-64" title="X86-64">x86-64</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Available in</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="English_language" title="English language">English</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Software_categories#Categorization_approaches" title="Software categories">Type</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Relational_database_management_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Relational database management system">RDBMS</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Software_license" title="Software license">License</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="GNU_GPL" class="mw-redirect" title="GNU GPL">GNU GPL</a> version 2</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://webscalesql.org/">webscalesql<wbr>.org</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table>

<p><b>WebScaleSQL</b> was an <a href="Open-source_software" title="Open-source software">open-source</a> <a href="Relational_database_management_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Relational database management system">relational database management system</a> (RDBMS) created as a <a href="Software_branch" class="mw-redirect" title="Software branch">software branch</a> of the production-ready community releases of <a href="MySQL" title="MySQL">MySQL</a>. By joining efforts of a few companies and incorporating various changes and new features into MySQL, WebScaleSQL aimed toward fulfilling various needs arising from the deployment of MySQL in large-scale environments, which involve large amounts of data and numerous <a href="Database_server" title="Database server">database servers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-zdnet-7000027814_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zdnet-7000027814-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>The <a href="Source_code" title="Source code">source code</a> of WebScaleSQL is hosted on <a href="GitHub" title="GitHub">GitHub</a> and licensed under the terms of version 2 of the <a href="GNU_General_Public_License" title="GNU General Public License">GNU General Public License</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-theregister-20140327_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theregister-20140327-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-webscalesql-faq_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-webscalesql-faq-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>The project website announced in December 2016 that the companies involved would no longer contribute to the project.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview">Overview</h2></div>

<p>Running MySQL on numerous <a href="Server_(computing)" title="Server (computing)">servers</a> with large amounts of data, at the scale of <a href="Terabyte" class="mw-redirect" title="Terabyte">terabytes</a> and <a href="Petabyte" class="mw-redirect" title="Petabyte">petabytes</a> of data, creates a set of difficulties that in many cases arise the need for implementing specific customized MySQL features, or the need for introducing functional changes to MySQL. More than a few companies have faced the same (or very similar) set of difficulties in their <a href="Production_environment" class="mw-redirect" title="Production environment">production environments</a>, which used to result in the availability of multiple solutions for similar challenges.<sup id="cite_ref-theregister-20140327_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theregister-20140327-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>WebScaleSQL was announced on March 27, 2014 as a joint effort of <a href="Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a>, <a href="Google" title="Google">Google</a>, <a href="LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn">LinkedIn</a> and <a href="Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a> (with <a href="Alibaba_Group" title="Alibaba Group">Alibaba Group</a> joining in January 2015<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), aiming to provide a centralized development structure for extending MySQL with new features specific to its large-scale deployments, such as building large <a href="Replicated_database" class="mw-redirect" title="Replicated database">replicated databases</a> running on <a href="Server_farms" class="mw-redirect" title="Server farms">server farms</a>. As a result, WebScaleSQL attempted to open a path toward deduplicating the efforts each founding company had been putting into maintaining its own branch of MySQL, and toward bringing together more developers.<sup id="cite_ref-zdnet-7000027814_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zdnet-7000027814-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-webscalesql-faq_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-webscalesql-faq-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-informationweek_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-informationweek-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>WebScaleSQL was created as a <a href="Branching_(revision_control)" class="mw-redirect" title="Branching (revision control)">branch</a> of the MySQL's latest production-ready community release, which was version 5.6 as of March 2013. As the project aimed to tightly follow new MySQL community releases, a branching path was selected instead of becoming a <a href="Software_fork" class="mw-redirect" title="Software fork">software fork</a> of MySQL. The selection of MySQL production-ready community releases for the WebScaleSQL's <a href="Upstream_(software_development)" title="Upstream (software development)">upstream</a>, instead of selecting some of the available MySQL forks was the result of a consensus between the four founding companies, which concluded that the features already existing in MySQL 5.6 are suitable for large-scale deployments, while additional features of the same kind are planned for MySQL 5.7.<sup id="cite_ref-zdnet-7000027814_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zdnet-7000027814-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-theregister-20140327_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theregister-20140327-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-webscalesql-faq_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-webscalesql-faq-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Features">Features</h2></div>

<p>The initial changes and feature additions that WebScaleSQL introduced to the MySQL 5.6 <a href="Codebase" title="Codebase">codebase</a> came from the engineers employed by the four founding companies; however, the project was open to <a href="Peer_review" title="Peer review">peer-reviewed</a> community contributions.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of September 15, 2014, available new features and changes included the following:<sup id="cite_ref-webscalesql-faq_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-webscalesql-faq-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-informationweek_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-informationweek-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<ul><li>A <a href="Software_framework" title="Software framework">software framework</a> that provides automated testing of all proposed changes</li>

<li>A customized suite of database performance tests</li>

<li>Various changes to the <a href="Automated_test" class="mw-redirect" title="Automated test">automated tests</a> provided by the MySQL community releases</li>

<li>Performance improvements in various areas, including <a href="Buffer_pool" class="mw-redirect" title="Buffer pool">buffer pool</a> flushing, execution of certain types of <a href="SQL" title="SQL">SQL</a> queries, and support for <a href="Non-uniform_memory_access" title="Non-uniform memory access">NUMA</a> architectures</li>

<li>Changes related to large-scale deployments, such as the ability to specify sub-second <a href="Client_(computing)" title="Client (computing)">client</a> timeouts</li>

<li>Performance and reliability improvements to the global transaction <a href="Identifier" title="Identifier">identifier</a> (GTID)<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> feature of MySQL 5.6</li>

<li>So-called <code>super_read_only</code> operation mode for the MySQL server, which disables data modification operations even for privileged database accounts</li></ul>

<p>As of March 28, 2014, planned new features and changes included the following:<sup id="cite_ref-zdnet-7000027814_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zdnet-7000027814-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-informationweek_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-informationweek-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<ul><li>New <a href="Asynchronous_I/O" title="Asynchronous I/O">asynchronous</a> MySQL client that will eliminate the client-side waiting while establishing <a href="Database_connection" title="Database connection">database connections</a>, sending <a href="Database_query" class="mw-redirect" title="Database query">queries</a>, and receiving their results</li>

<li>Availability of various <a href="Table_(database)" title="Table (database)">table</a>, user and <a href="Data_compression" title="Data compression">compression</a> statistics</li>

<li>Changes to the internal compression mechanisms</li>

<li>Addition of a logical <a href="Read-ahead" class="mw-redirect" title="Read-ahead">read-ahead</a> mechanism that will bring significant performance improvements for <a href="Full_table_scan" title="Full table scan">full table scans</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Availability">Availability</h2></div>

<p>WebScaleSQL is distributed in a source-code-only form, with no official binaries available. As of March 27, 2014, <a href="Compiler" title="Compiler">compiling</a> the source code and running WebScaleSQL is supported only on <a href="X86-64" title="X86-64">x86-64</a> <a href="Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a> hosts, requiring at the same time a <a href="Toolchain" title="Toolchain">toolchain</a> that supports <a href="C99" title="C99">C99</a> and <a href="C%2B%2B11" title="C++11">C++11</a> language standards.<sup id="cite_ref-webscalesql-faq_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-webscalesql-faq-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>The source code is hosted on GitHub and available under version 2 of the GNU General Public License (<a href="GPL_v2" class="mw-redirect" title="GPL v2">GPL v2</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-theregister-20140327_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theregister-20140327-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-webscalesql-faq_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-webscalesql-faq-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="End_of_Contributions">End of Contributions</h2></div>

<p>In December 2016, the WebScaleSQL website announced the companies originally involved in collaborating on the project (Facebook, Google, LinkedIn, Twitter, and Alibaba) would no longer contribute to the project. The announcement blamed differences among the needs of the various companies for the end of the collaboration.

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<ul><li><a href="Comparison_of_relational_database_management_systems" title="Comparison of relational database management systems">Comparison of relational database management systems</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite id="CITEREFSteven_J._Vaughan-Nichols2013" class="citation news cs1">Steven J. Vaughan-Nichols (March 28, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.zdnet.com/article/webscalesql-mysql-for-facebook-sized-databases/">"WebScaleSQL: MySQL for Facebook-sized databases"</a>. <i><a href="ZDNet" class="mw-redirect" title="ZDNet">ZDNet</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 1,</span> 2014</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFKlint_Finley2013" class="citation magazine cs1">Klint Finley (March 27, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wired.com/2014/03/webscalesql/">"Google and Facebook Team Up to Modernize Old-School Databases"</a>. <i><a href="Wired_(magazine)" title="Wired (magazine)">Wired</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 1,</span> 2014</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-theregister-20140327-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-theregister-20140327_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-theregister-20140327_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-theregister-20140327_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-theregister-20140327_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFJack_Clark2013" class="citation web cs1">Jack Clark (March 27, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theregister.co.uk/2014/03/27/webscalesql_launch/">"Forkin' 'L! Facebook, Google and friends create WebScaleSQL from MySQL 5.6"</a>. <i><a href="The_Register" title="The Register">The Register</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 1,</span> 2014</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://webscalesql.org/blog/2016/12/02/Moving-Forward.html">"WebScaleSQL Moving Forward"</a>. December 29, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 29,</span> 2016</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://code.google.com/p/google-mysql-tools/wiki/Mysql5Patches">"Patches for MySQL 5 – MySQL tools released by Google"</a>. <i>code.google.com</i>. June 24, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 1,</span> 2014</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/facebook/mysql-5.1">"facebook/mysql-5.1"</a>. <i>github.com</i>. June 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 1,</span> 2014</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://webscalesql.org/blog/2015/01/15/Welcome-Alibaba.html">"Please welcome Alibaba to WebScaleSQL!"</a>. <i>webscalesql.org</i>. January 15, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 15,</span> 2015</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-informationweek-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-informationweek_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-informationweek_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-informationweek_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFDoug_Henschen2014" class="citation web cs1">Doug Henschen (March 27, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.informationweek.com/big-data/software-platforms/facebook-debuts-web-scale-variant-of-mysql-/d/d-id/1141521">"Facebook Debuts Web-Scale Variant of MySQL"</a>. <i>informationweek.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 15,</span> 2015</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://webscalesql.org/contributing.html">"Is Your Change Appropriate?"</a>. <i>webscalesql.org</i>. March 27, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 1,</span> 2014</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFMichael_Larabel2014" class="citation web cs1">Michael Larabel (March 28, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=MTY0NjA">"Facebook & Others Announce WebScaleSQL"</a>. <a href="Phoronix" class="mw-redirect" title="Phoronix">Phoronix</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 1,</span> 2014</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFSteaphan_Greene2014" class="citation web cs1">Steaphan Greene (March 27, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://code.facebook.com/posts/1474977139392436/webscalesql-a-collaboration-to-build-upon-the-mysql-upstream/">"WebScaleSQL: A collaboration to build upon the MySQL upstream"</a>. <i>code.facebook.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 16,</span> 2015</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFDoug_Henschen2014" class="citation web cs1">Doug Henschen (September 15, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.informationweek.com/big-data/big-data-analytics/facebook-announces-webscalesql-upgrade-for-mysql/d/d-id/1315741">"Facebook Announces WebScaleSQL Upgrade For MySQL"</a>. <i>informationweek.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 16,</span> 2015</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/replication-gtids.html">"MySQL 5.6 Reference Manual, Section 17.1.3 Replication with Global Transaction Identifiers"</a>. <i>dev.mysql.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 16,</span> 2015</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

</ol></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

<ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://webscalesql.org/">Official website</a></span></span></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/webscalesql/webscalesql-5.6">WebScaleSQL 5.6 source code</a> on <a href="GitHub" title="GitHub">GitHub</a></li></ul>

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</style><div id="MySQL_and_MariaDB130" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="MySQL" title="MySQL">MySQL</a> and <a href="MariaDB" title="MariaDB">MariaDB</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Editions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="MySQL" title="MySQL">MySQL</a></li>

<li><a href="MySQL_Enterprise" title="MySQL Enterprise">MySQL Enterprise</a></li>

<li><a href="MySQL_Cluster" title="MySQL Cluster">MySQL Cluster</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">SQL GUI tools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="MySQL_Workbench" title="MySQL Workbench">MySQL Workbench</a></li>

<li><a href="SQLyog" title="SQLyog">SQLyog</a></li>

<li><a href="PhpMyAdmin" title="PhpMyAdmin">phpMyAdmin</a></li>

<li><a href="HeidiSQL" title="HeidiSQL">HeidiSQL</a></li>

<li><a href="Navicat" title="Navicat">Navicat</a></li>

<li><a href="Database_Workbench" title="Database Workbench">Database Workbench</a></li>

<li><a href="DBeaver" title="DBeaver">DBeaver</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Storage engines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="MyISAM" title="MyISAM">MyISAM</a></li>

<li><a href="Falcon_(storage_engine)" title="Falcon (storage engine)">Falcon</a></li>

<li><a href="InnoDB" title="InnoDB">InnoDB</a></li>

<li><a href="XtraDB" title="XtraDB">XtraDB</a></li>

<li><a href="MySQL_Federated" title="MySQL Federated">MySQL Federated</a></li>

<li><a href="MySQL_Archive" title="MySQL Archive">MySQL Archive</a></li>

<li><a href="TokuDB" title="TokuDB">TokuDB</a></li>

<li><a href="MyRocks" title="MyRocks">MyRocks</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Procedural Language</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="SQL/PSM" title="SQL/PSM">MySQL Stored Procedures</a> (a variant of <a href="SQL/PSM" title="SQL/PSM">SQL/PSM</a> Standard)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Fork_(software_development)" title="Fork (software development)">Forks and Branches</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Drizzle_(database_server)" title="Drizzle (database server)">Drizzle</a></li>

<li><a href="MariaDB" title="MariaDB">MariaDB</a></li>

<li><a href="Percona_Server_for_MySQL" title="Percona Server for MySQL">Percona</a></li>

</ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Database414" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Database414" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Database" title="Database">Database</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Main</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Database#Major_database_usage_requirements" title="Database">Requirements</a></li>

<li><a href="Database_theory" title="Database theory">Theory</a></li>

<li><a href="Database_object" title="Database object">Database object</a></li>

<li><a href="Database_model" title="Database model">Models</a></li>

<li><a href="Database_management_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Database management system">Database management system</a></li>

<li><a href="Database_machine" title="Database machine">Machine</a></li>

<li><a href="Database_engine" title="Database engine">Engine</a></li>

<li><a href="Database_server" title="Database server">Server</a></li>

<li><a href="Database_application" title="Database application">Application</a></li>

<li><a href="Database_connection" title="Database connection">Connection</a>

<ul><li><a href="Datasource" title="Datasource">datasource</a></li>

<li><a href="Database_administrator" title="Database administrator">Administrator</a></li>

<li><a href="Synonym_(database)" title="Synonym (database)">Synonym</a></li>

<li>Types</li>

<li><a href="Comparison_of_database_tools" class="mw-redirect" title="Comparison of database tools">Tools</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Database#Database_languages" title="Database">Languages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Data_definition_language" title="Data definition language">Data definition</a></li>

<li><a href="Data_manipulation_language" title="Data manipulation language">Data manipulation</a></li>

<li><a href="Query_language" title="Query language">Query</a>

<ul><li><a href="Information_retrieval_query_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Information retrieval query language">information retrieval</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Database_security" title="Database security">Security</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Database_activity_monitoring" title="Database activity monitoring">Activity monitoring</a></li>

<li><a href="Database_audit" title="Database audit">Audit</a></li>

<li><a href="Database_forensics" title="Database forensics">Forensics</a></li>

<li><a href="Negative_database" title="Negative database">Negative database</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Database_design" title="Database design">Design</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Entity%E2%80%93relationship_model" title="Entity–relationship model">Entities and relationships</a> (and <a href="Enhanced_entity%E2%80%93relationship_model" title="Enhanced entity–relationship model">Enhanced</a> notation)</li>

<li><a href="Database_normalization" title="Database normalization">Normalization</a></li>

<li><a href="Database_schema" title="Database schema">Schema</a></li>

<li><a href="Database_refactoring" title="Database refactoring">Refactoring</a></li>

<li><a href="Cardinality_(data_modeling)" title="Cardinality (data modeling)">Cardinality</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Programming</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Database_abstraction_layer" title="Database abstraction layer">Abstraction layer</a></li>

<li><a href="Object%E2%80%93relational_mapping" title="Object–relational mapping">Object–relational mapping</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Management</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Database_virtualization" title="Database virtualization">Virtualization</a></li>

<li><a href="Database_tuning" title="Database tuning">Tuning</a>

<ul><li><a href="Database_caching" title="Database caching">caching</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Data_migration#Database_migration" title="Data migration">Migration</a></li>

<li><a href="Database_preservation" title="Database preservation">Preservation</a></li>

<li><a href="Database_integrity" class="mw-redirect" title="Database integrity">Integrity</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Lists_of_databases" title="Lists of databases">Lists of</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="List_of_academic_databases_and_search_engines" title="List of academic databases and search engines">Academic</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_biological_databases" title="List of biological databases">Biological</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_biodiversity_databases" title="List of biodiversity databases">Biodiversity</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_facial_expression_databases" title="List of facial expression databases">Facial expression</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_online_databases" title="List of online databases">Online</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_online_music_databases" title="List of online music databases">Online music</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_online_real_estate_databases" title="List of online real estate databases">Online real estate</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Database-centric_architecture" title="Database-centric architecture">Database-centric architecture</a></li>

<li><a href="Intelligent_database" title="Intelligent database">Intelligent database</a></li>

<li><a href="Two-phase_locking" title="Two-phase locking">Two-phase locking</a></li>

<li><a href="Locks_with_ordered_sharing" title="Locks with ordered sharing">Locks with ordered sharing</a></li>

<li><a href="Database_publishing" title="Database publishing">Publishing</a></li>

<li><a href="Halloween_Problem" title="Halloween Problem">Halloween Problem</a></li>

<li><a href="Log_shipping" title="Log shipping">Log shipping</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WikiProject"></span></span> WikiProject</b> <b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"></span></span> Category</b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2024-12-01" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=WebScaleSQL&oldid=1260616269">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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